Intelligent Management of Human Capital

Intelligent Management of Human Capital

Structural Analysis of the Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Transformation of NAJA Management: From Efficiency to Public Trust

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Kazem Jafari 1
Ahdieh Aghamohamadi 2
Ali Parsa 3
Abdolnezam Jafari 4
1 PhD in human resource management, Shahid Sattari University of Aviation Sciences and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Prof. Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, University of Jami International, Tehran, Iran.
3 Ph.D. in Business Management, Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, University of Jami International, Tehran, Iran.
4 PHD in economic science. Department of Economics; Imam Ali University, Tehran, Iran.
10.22034/imhr.2025.558723.1047
Abstract
Background and purpose: With rapid technological advancements, artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as an effective tool for enhancing organizational efficiency and strengthening public trust. In this context, the Law Enforcement Force of the Islamic Republic of Iran (NAJA), as an organization with unique characteristics, seeks to employ this technology to improve its performance and foster greater public confidence. Accordingly, the present study aims to examine ways of improving efficiency and increasing public trust in NAJA’s management through the application of AI.
Research Method: This applied research adopts a descriptive-survey methodology. To analyze the internal relationships among these indicators and evaluate them, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and MICMAC software were applied. This approach made it possible to identify and prioritize the interrelationships among the indicators.
Findings: The results indicate that "rapid and accountable responsiveness," "training and empowerment of human resources," and "improved community engagement" are among the most critical factors contributing to enhanced efficiency and increased public trust in NAJA. Moreover, the use of AI can lead to greater operational transparency, improved information accuracy, and more precise crime prediction.
Conclusion: The analyses reveal that the proper utilization of AI can significantly enhance the performance of the Law Enforcement Force and substantially increase public trust.
Keywords
Efficiency improvement
Public trust
Artificial intelligence (AI)
NAJA
Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM)

Subjects

- Adams, I. T., Barter, M., McLean, K., Boehme, H., & Geary, I. A. (2024). No Man’s Hand: Artificial Intelligence Does Not Improve Police Report Writing Speed. CrimRxiv. https://doi.org/10.21428/cb6ab371.4a6d42e9
- Aghamohammadi, A., Jafari, K., & Parsa, A. (2025). A meta-synthesis of studies on artificial intelligence in organizations with an emphasis on challenges and opportunities. Human Resource Studies, 15(1, Special Issue on Artificial Intelligence and Digital Transformation), 119–142. 10.22034/jhrs.2025.485304.2317 [in Persian]
- Al-Shamsi, A, Ahmad, N (2024). Opportunities and Challenges of AI Adoption by the Abu Dhabi Police: A Review Study. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarems/v13-i3/22719
- Altafi-Poor Asl, L., & Raei, H. (2025). The impact of artificial intelligence on improving efficiency and effectiveness in human resource management. Twenty-Fifth National Scientific Research Conference on Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shirvan. https://civilica.com/doc/2382411/ [in Persian]
- Bahrami, M., & Sabet-Sayyar, H. (2024). Artificial intelligence in public security. Quarterly Journal of Internal Security Studies and Research, 2(5) 31-56.. [in Persian]
- Balu, V et al. (2022). Crime Prediction and Analysis Using Machine Learning. International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing. https://doi.org/10.47760/ijcsmc.2022.v11i03.011
- Binns, R. (2018). Fairness in machine learning: Lessons from political philosophy. Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, 149-158. https://proceedings.mlr.press/v81/binns18a.html
- Chouldechova, A., & G. R. (2018). The myth of model interpretability. Communications of the ACM, 61(3), 56-63.
- Cook, P. J. (2015). Will the Current Crisis in Police Legitimacy Increase Crime? Research Offers a Way Forward. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 16(3), 71-74. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100615610575 (Original work published 2015)
- Da Cunha, H., Lopes, F., Machado2, C., Lucas, X., Junior3, T., Vasconcellos, C., &, A. (2024). Leveraging Artificial Intelligence in Contracting: A Digital Transformation for Public Institutions. JOURNAL OF BIOENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGIES AND HEALTH. https://doi.org/10.34178/jbth.v7i2.401.
- Dachlan, S N et al. (2024). The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Law Enforcement: Towards a More Accurate and Efficient Justice System. Sinergi International Journal of Law. https://doi.org/10.61194/law.v2i3.157
- Dempsey, R. P., Brunet, J. R., & Dubljević, V. (2023). Exploring and Understanding Law Enforcement’s Relationship with Technology: A Qualitative Interview Study of Police Officers in North Carolina. Applied Sciences, 13(6), 3887. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13063887
- Eneman, M et al. (2022). The sensitive nature of facial recognition: Tensions between the Swedish police and regulatory authorities. Inf. Polity, 27, 219-232. https://doi.org/10.3233/ip-211538
- Europol. (2025). AI and Policing: Current Applications and Future Directions.
- Ezzeddine, Y et al. (2023). Safety, privacy, or both: evaluating citizens’ perspectives around artificial intelligence use by police forces. Policing and Society, 33, 861 - 876. https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2023.2211813
- Fathali Beigi, Parvaneh. Abtahi, Masoumeh Al-Sadat. Maghami, Hamid Reza and Moradi, Rahim. (1403). Ranking of factors affecting the performance of artificial intelligence in improving in-service training of teachers using the multi-criteria decision-making method. Intelligent Human Capital Management, 1(2), 125-151. doi: 10.22034/imhr.2025.506738.1021 [in Persian]
- Ghavami Pour Sareshekeh, M., & Mahmoudi, A. (2025). Knowledge management in enhancing the efficiency of criminal investigations and coordination of police actions supported by artificial intelligence. Police Artificial Intelligence Quarterly, 2(1). http://noo.rs/syc8F  [in Persian]
- Hadi Peykani, Mehraban and Ostadi, Majid. (1403). Knowledge-based human resource development strategies for sustainable management. Intelligent Human Capital Management, 1(1), 172-143. . doi: 10.22034/imhr.2025.494947.1018 [in Persian]
https://doi.org/10.23919/MIPRO55190.2022.9803606
- Kahla, L Z (2024). Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Crime Detection and Prevention. INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem34207
- Kahla, L Z (2024). Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Crime Detection and Prevention. INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem34207
- Karthik, P et al. (2024). Crime Prediction Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology. https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrset241134
- Karthik, P et al. (2024). Crime Prediction Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology. https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrset241134
- Kathleen E. Padilla & Ian T. Adams. (2025) Emerging tools and technologies and the future of policing Research: an introduction. Police Practice and Research 26:6, pages 649-653. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2025.2543312?urlappend=%3Futm_source%3Dresearchgate.net%26utm_medium%3Darticle
- Kleinberg, J., Lakkaraju, H., Mullainathan, S., & Raghavan, M. (2018). Human decisions and machine predictions. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 133(1), 237-293. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjx032
- Llinares, F M (2020). Predictive policing: utopia or dystopia? On attitudes towards the use of big data algorithms for law enforcement. IDP. Revista de Internet Derecho y Política. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/a7juk
- Lum, K., & Isaac, W. (2016). To predict and serve? Significance, 13(5), 14-19.
- Lunhol, O, Torhalo, P (2024). Artificial Intelligence in Law Enforcement: Current State and Development Prospects. Socratic lectures 10 - Part II. https://doi.org/10.55295/psl.2024.ii12
- Mohler, G. O., Bertozzi, A. L., Carter, J., & Short, M. (2015). Randomized controlled field trials of predictive policing. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 110(512), 1399-1411. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2015.1077710?urlappend=%3Futm_source%3Dresearchgate.net%26utm_medium%3Darticle
- Musthafa, A S et al. (2024). Digital Vigilance: AI Solutions in the Quest for Missing Persons using face recognition with deep learning algorithms. 2024 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Applications Theme: Healthcare and Internet of Things (AIMLA), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/AIMLA59606.2024.10531327
- Nawawi, A et al. (2024). Legal Uncertainty in Criminal Law Enforcement through the Utilization of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Indonesia. Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health. https://doi.org/10.46799/ajesh.v3i7.362
- Oatley, G (2021). Themes in data mining, big data, and crime analytics. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 12. https://doi.org/10.1002/widm.1432
- Obermeyer, Z., Powers, B., Vogeli, C., & Mullainathan, S. (2019). Dissecting racial bias in an algorithm used to manage the health of populations. Science, 366(6464), 447-453. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax2342
- Pedrami, M., & Nargesiyan, A. (2025). Identifying and meta-synthesizing ethical challenges of artificial intelligence in human resource management: A conceptual framework. Human Resource Studies, 15(1, Special Issue on Artificial Intelligence and Digital Transformation), 143–166. 10.22034/jhrs.2025.504646.2365 [in Persian]
- Roksandic, S et al. (2022). Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence and its use by Law Enforcement Authorities: where do we stand? 2022 45th Jubilee International Convention on Information, Communication and Electronic Technology (MIPRO), 1225-1232. DOI:10.23919/MIPRO55190.2022.9803606
- Saeedi, Z. (2024). Achievements of artificial intelligence in homicide crime scene investigation from the perspective of forensic police and criminal investigations. Sixteenth International Conference on Humanities, Social Sciences, and Lifestyle. Retrieved from Civilica database. https://civilica.com/doc/2325804 / [in Persian]
- Saeedi, Z. (2025). Review of modern methods and artificial intelligence in identity verification from the perspective of forensic police. Fifth International Conference on Advanced Research in Management and Humanities. [in Persian]
- Safat, W et al. (2021). Empirical Analysis for Crime Prediction and Forecasting Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques. IEEE Access, 9, 70080-70094. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3078117
- Santoso, W et al. (2024). Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Facial Recognition Systems for Software Security. sinkron. https://doi.org/10.33395/sinkron.v8i2.13612
- Situmeang, S. M. T., Johnson, A. B., & Lee, C. D. (2024). The role of artificial intelligence in criminal justice. Global International Journal of Innovative Research, 2(8). https://doi.org/10.59613/global.v2i8.296
- Talukder, K A, Shompa, T F (2024). ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE MANAGEMENT: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW. Non human journal. https://doi.org/10.70008/jmldeds.v1i01.42
- Van Brakel et al. (2023) demonstrated that the Crime Anticipation System improved deployment efficiency and lowered crime rates in Dutch cities.
- Yadegari, V., & Sohrab, S. (2025). A framework for utilizing artificial intelligence in smart police security missions. NAJA Strategic Studies Scientific Quarterly, 10(1)43-80. Retrieved from Civilica database. https://civilica.com/doc/2228103 [in Persian]
- Zeinabi, M., Dinary, M. J., Mofakhari, M., & Aminpour, S. (2025). Challenges and opportunities of automating human resource processes using artificial intelligence. Second National Conference on Sustainable Human Resource Management, Babolsar. https://civilica.com/doc/2314069 [in Persian]